Drcv`b e¨q weeiYx
hv ‡ei Ki‡Z n‡e t
1| †gvU e¨q
2| gybvdv ev jvf
3| weµqg~j¨
4| GKK cÖwZ e¨q
5| Drcv`b GKK
6| Drcv`b e¨q weeiYx (Li‡Pi we¯—vwiZ LvZmn)
7| †UÛvi kxU (wewfbœ e¨‡qi kZKiv nvi Lmov wnmv‡e †`Lv‡Z nq)
Drcv`b e¨q weeiYx `yBwU c×wZ‡Z ˆZwi Kiv hvq t
1| Av‡gwiKvb c×wZ (AwaK RbwcÖq c×wZ)
2| e„wUk c×wZ (cÖvPxb c×wZ)
m~Î t
e¨eüZ KvuPvgv‡ji e¨q = cÖviw¤¢K gRy` cY¨ +µq(bxU)-mgvcbx gRy` cY¨
wewµZ c‡Y¨i e¨q = weµq-gybvdv ev jvf
gybvdv ev jvf = weµq-wewµZ c‡Y¨i e¨q
Av‡gwiKvb c×wZ‡Z Drcv`b e¨q weeiYx QK t
cÖwZôv‡bi bvg
Drcv`b e¨q weeibx
.... mv‡ji .... ZvwiL mgvß mg‡qi
weeiY | UvKv | UvKv | GKK cÖwZ e¨q |
KvuPvgv‡ji cÖviw¤¢K gRy` ‡hvM. KvuPvgvj µq ‡hvM. µq cwienb ev`. µq †diZ I µq evÆv ev`. KvuPvgv‡ji mgvcbx gRy` ev`. KvuPvgv‡ji A¯^vfvweK ¶wZ e¨eüZ KvuPvgv‡ji e¨q ‡hvM. cÖZ¨¶/ Drcv`b/ KviLvbv gRywi ‡hvM. Ab¨vb¨ cÖZ¨¶ LiP gyL¨ e¨q ‡hvM. KviLvbv Dcwie¨qmg~n t KviLvbv fvov I Ki c‡iv¶ gRywi c‡iv¶ LiP KviLvbv g¨v‡bRv‡ii †eZb KviLvbv cÖ‡KŠkjxi †eZb Wªwqs ev AsKb Awd‡mi †eZb KviLvbv cÖ‡KŠkjxi †eZb KviLvbv exgv, we`y¨r, cvwb, M¨vm, kw³ I R¡vjvbx KviLvbv †givgZ I i¶Yv‡e¶Y KviLvbv `vjv‡bi AePq wbR¯^ Rwg‡Z Aew¯’Z `vjv‡bi fvov hš¿cvwZi AePq LyPiv hš¿vs‡ki e¨envi KviLvbv Z`vi‡Ki LiP KviLvbv kªwgK Kj¨vY LiP KviLvbv e¨eüZ gwbnvix gvb wbqš¿Y LiP ‡eKvi mg‡qi gRywi ‡gvU Drcv`b e¨q ‡hvM. PjwZ Kv‡h©i/Aa© mgvß c‡Y¨i cÖviw¤¢K gRy` ev`. PjwZ Kv‡h©i/ Aa© mgvß c‡Y¨i mgvcbx gRy` ev`. webó ev e¨env‡ii A‡hvM¨ gv‡ji weµqg~j Drcvw`Z `ª‡e¨i e¨q ‡hvM. ˆZwi ev Drcvw`Z `ª‡e¨i cÖviw¤¢K gRy` ev`. ˆZwi ev Drcvw`Z `ª‡e¨i mgvcbx gRy` wewµZ c‡Y¨i e¨q ‡hvM. Awdm I cÖkvmwbK Dcwie¨q t Awdm Kg©Pvix‡`i †eZb Awdm fvov e¨e¯’vc‡Ki †eZb Qvcv I gwbnvix Awd‡mi †givgZ WvK I Zvi LiP Awdm †Uwj‡dvb I exgv Awd‡mi we`y¨r LiP wbix¶v wdm e¨e¯’vcbv cwiPvj‡Ki cvwikªwgK ev wdm Awdm Avmevec‡Îi AePq Awd‡mi Ab¨vb¨ LiPvejx ‡hvM. weµq I eÈb Dcwie¨q t weµq Kgx©i †eZb I Kwgkb weÁvcb ‡kv-i“g LiP Drcvw`Z c‡Y¨i ¸`vg LiP c¨vwKs LiP weµq cwienb ißvbx ïé ewn: cwienb wkí †gjvq AskMÖn‡Yi e¨q cÖ`Ë evÆv Abv`vqx cvIbv bgybv I K¨vUvjM LiP Avc¨vqb LiP MYbv Awd‡mi †eZb ‡Wwjfvix PvR© weµq cÖmvi ågb LiPvejx weµq Awd‡mi †eZb ‡Wwjfvix miÄv‡gi AePq ‡gvU e¨q / weµq e¨q gybvdv / ¶wZ weµq | | | |
‡bvU t e„wUk c×wZ‡Z Dc‡iv³ Pv‡U© GKwU cwieZ©b n‡e| Zv n‡jv , KviLvbv e¨‡qi c‡iB Awdm I cÖkvmwbK Dcwie¨q †hvM K‡i Drcv`b e¨q †ei Ki‡Z nq| Zvici cÖviw¤¢K ˆZwi cY¨ ‡hvM I mgvcbx ˆZwi cY¨ we‡qvM K‡i wewµZ c‡Y¨i e¨q †ei Ki‡Z nq| Gi c‡ii Ask me wVK _vK‡e|
Drcv`b GKK = weµq GKK + mgvcbx gRy` GKK- cÖviw¤¢K gRy` GKK
weµq (GKK) = cÖviw¤¢K(GKK)+Drcv`b (GKK)-mgvcbx GKK
GKK cÖwZ e¨q †ei Kivi wbqg t
GKK cÖwZ e¨q Drcv`b e¨q ch©š— Drcv`b GKK Øviv fvM Ki‡Z n‡e| wKš‘, wewµZ c‡Y¨i e¨q †_‡K ïi“ K‡i weµq ch©š— Li‡Pi UvKv‡K weµq GKK Øviv fvM K‡i GKK cÖwZ e¨q ‡ei Kiv nq|
wKQy kZKiv nvi wbY©‡qi m~Î t
K) cÖZ¨¶ gRywii Dci KviLvbv Dcwie¨‡qi kZKiv nvi =
L) Drcv`b e¨‡qi Dci cÖkvmwbK Dcwie¨‡qi kZKiv nvi=
M) Drcv`b e¨‡qi Dci weµq I eÈb e¨‡qi kZKiv nvi =
N) Drcv`b e¨‡qi Dci evwYwR¨K Dcwie¨‡qi kZKiv nvi=
evwYwR¨K Dcwie¨q = cÖkvmwbK Dcwie¨q + weµq I eÈb Dcwie¨q
O) weµ‡qi Dci gybvdvi kZKiv nvi =
Drcv`b e¨q weeiYx As‡K hv Avm‡e bv t AvqKi, AwMÖg AvqKi, cÖvß evwo fvov, cÖvß jf¨vsk, F‡Yi my`, D‡Ëvj‡bi my`, evÆv cÖvwß, m¤ú` weµq RwbZ ¶wZ, g~ja‡bi my`, Aby`vb, †kqvi evÆv, mybvg Ae‡jvcb, Ae‡jL‡Ki `¯‘wi, cÖv_wgK LiP, `y‡h©vM e¨q, AwMœKvÛ, `~N©Ubv, So, eb¨v BZ¨vw` A¯^vfvweK Kvi‡Y ¶wZ, †Kvb `vZe¨ cÖwZôv‡b Pvu`v, KviLvbv eÜ ev ag©N‡Ui Kvi‡Y ¶wZ, Pzw³ AvBb f‡½i Rb¨ Rwigvbv, cwiPvj‡Ki wd, Abv`vqx cvIbv mwÂwZ BZ¨vw` Drcv`b e¨q weeiYxi `dv bq, Avw_©K wnmv‡ei `dv| ZvB GB LiP¸‡jv Drcv`b e¨q weeiYx‡Z Avm‡e bv| Z‡e cwiPvjK(e¨e¯’vcbv), cwiPvjK(A_© I wnmve), cwiPvjK(cÖkvmb) cwiPvjK(gv‡K©wUs ev wecbb), Abv`vqx cvIbv BZ¨vw` Drcv`b e¨q wnmv‡e Avm‡e|
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